Tham khảo Hannibal

Ghi chú

  1. ↑ As with Greek and Roman practice filiation was a normal part of Carthaginian nomenclature.[6]
  2. ↑ Hannibal's date of death is most commonly given as 183 BC, but there is a possibility it could have taken place in 182 BC.

Trích dẫn

  1. ↑ Lancel, Serge (1995) Hannibal cover: "Roman bust of Hannibal. Museo Archeologico Nazionale. Naples"
  2. ↑ Goldsworthy, Adrian (2000) The Fall of Carthage cover: "Hannibal in later life"
  3. ↑ Goldsworthy, Adrian (2001) Cannae tr. 24: "a bust, which may be a representation of Hannibal in later life, although there are no definite images of him"
  4. ↑ Goldsworthy, Adrian (2003) The Complete Roman Army tr. 41: "a bust that purports to show Hannibal in later life"
  5. ↑ Matyszak, Philip (2003) Chronicle of the Roman Republic tr. 95: "bust, thought to be of Hannibal, found in Capua"
  6. ↑ Ameling, Walter Karthago: Studien zu Militär, Staat und Gesellschaft tr. 81–2
  7. 1 2 3 Ayrault Dodge, Theodore (1995). Hannibal: A History of the Art of War Among the Carthagonians and Romans Down to the Battle of Pydna, 168 BC. Da Capo Press. 
  8. ↑ Press, Adagio (1987). We Will Either Find a Way Or Make One. Designed and Printed at Adagio: The Private Press of Leonard F. Bahr. 
  9. ↑ Lancel, S. Hannibal p.6.
  10. ↑ “Hamilcar Barca”. Truy cập ngày 6 tháng 6 năm 2011. 
  11. ↑ The History of Rome: Vol III, by Livy
  12. ↑ Dodge, Theodore Ayrault, Hannibal: A History of the Art of War Among the Carthaginians and Romans Down to the Battle of Pydna, 168 B.C, p. 143
  13. ↑ Fagan, Garret G. "The History of Ancient Rome". Lecture 13: "The Second Punic War". Teaching Company, "Great Courses" series.
  14. ↑ Lancel, Serge, Hannibal, p. 225
  15. ↑ Prevas, John, Hannibal Crosses the Alps: The Invasion of Italy and the Second Punic War, p. 86
  16. ↑ Montgenèvre: Peter Connolly, Hannibal and the Enemies of Rome (1978); (extensive summary); Col de la Traversette: Gavin de Beer, Alps and Elephants and Napoleon III; Mahaney 2008, "Hannibal's Odyssey; Environmental Background to the Alpine Invasion of Italia"; Mont Cenis: Denis Proctor, Hannibal's March in History. Other theories include the Col du Clapier (Serge Lancel, Hannibal (1995) and the Col du Petit Saint Bernard (Barthold Niebuhr).
  17. ↑ Livy History of Rome book21,36
  18. ↑ Livy History of Rome, Book 21 sections 32-36
  19. ↑ S. Lancel, Hannibal (1995; English translation 1999) page 60.
  20. 1 2 Dodge, Theodore. Hannibal. Cambridge Massachusetts: De Capo Press, 1891 ISBN 0-306-81362-9
  21. ↑ John Selby Watson; Marcus Junianus; Justinus, Cornelius; Nepos, Eutropius (1853). Justin, Cornelius Nepos, and Eutropius: Literally Translated, with Notes. H. G. Bohn. tr. 420. Truy cập ngày 23 tháng 7 năm 2008. 
  22. ↑ Polybius, Histories, Book III, p74
  23. ↑ Liddell Hart, B. H., Strategy, New York City, New York, Penguin Group, 1967
  24. ↑ USAWC Comparing Strategies of the 2nd Punic War by James Parker. View as HTML
  25. ↑ De Beer, Sir G. (1974) Hannibal: the Struggle for Power in the Mediterranean p.91. Thames and Hudson, London.
  26. ↑ Hannibal ad Portas. Konrad Theiss Verlag, Stuttgart, 2004.
  27. ↑ Goldsworthy, Adrian K. The Roman Army at War 100 BC — AD 200, New York
  28. ↑ “Internet Ancient History Sourcebook”. 
  29. 1 2 3 4 Cottrell, Leonard, Enemy of Rome, Evans Bros, 1965, ISBN 0-237-44320-1
  30. ↑ Prevas, John, Hannibal Crosses the Alps, p. xv
  31. ↑ Chaplin, Jane Dunbar, Livy's Exemplary History, p. 66
  32. ↑ Polybius, The Histories of Polybius, 2 Vols., trans. Evelyn S. Shuckburgh (London: Macmillan, 1889), I. 264-275.
  33. ↑ Prevas, John, Hannibal Crosses the Alps: The Invasion of Italy and the Second Punic War, p. 200
  34. ↑ Pliny, tr. by Mary Beagon, The Elder Pliny on the Human Animal, p 361
  35. ↑ Livy, The War with Hannibal, 28.46
  36. ↑ Aulus Gellius. "Noctes Atticae". Book V. v. 5. "Satis, plane satis esse credo Romanis haec omnia, etiamsi avarissimi sunt."
  37. ↑ Bournoutian, George A. (2006). A Concise History of the Armenian People: From Ancient Times to the Present. Costa Mesa, CA: Mazda, p. 29. ISBN 1-56859-141-1.
  38. ↑ Cornelius Nepos, Hannibal 11.4-5.
  39. ↑ Cornelius Nepos, Hannibal 12.5; Juvenal, Satires X.164
  40. ↑ Mellor, Ronald (1999). The Roman historians. Routledge, p.70. ISBN 0-415-11773-9
  41. 1 2 Cornelius Nepos, Hannibal 13.1

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